استكشاف الأخطاء وإصلاحها
في هذه الصفحة 8 موضوعات
نص الدروس والتمارين باللغة الإنجليزية، بينما تبقى واجهة الموقع وعناوين الدروس بالعربية.
نظرة عامة
الموضوعات
- قراءة السجلات
- إعادة إنتاج الأخطاء
- تتبّع المكدس (Stack traces)
- اختلافات البيئات
تعلّم أولًا
3 ساعة تدريب (تقدير)
مخرجات التعلم
- Reproduce a reported bug reliably, locally or in a test.
- Read logs and stack traces from a deployed service to localize a failure.
- Identify environment differences (config, data, versions) that explain "works on my machine".
- Write a short bug report with root cause, fix, and a regression test.
الدروس
المختبر والتمارين
Lab
JNR-054-LAB1 · Break the Shop
Outcomes: 1–4 · Time: ~3 h The instructor injects three faults into a deployed Shop (bad config, data-dependent bug, dependency change). Diagnose each with only logs and the codebase. Acceptance: root cause, fix, and regression test for each.
Exercises (assessment: live troubleshooting session)
| ID | Outcome | Task |
|---|---|---|
| JNR-054-EX01 | 1 | From the report "checkout sometimes fails", write the steps and data needed to reproduce it reliably. |
| JNR-054-EX02 | 1 | Reproduce a given bug locally in a failing test before looking for the fix. |
| JNR-054-EX03 | 2 | Given a 30-line stack trace with three "Caused by" sections, name the root cause and the first line in your own code. |
| JNR-054-EX04 | 2 | Using logs, find the first error for request id abc123 and explain the sequence. |
| JNR-054-EX05 | 3 | Build a comparison table of local versus production for config, data, and versions and mark the likely culprit for a given symptom. |
| JNR-054-EX06 | 4 | Write a bug report with symptom, root cause, fix, and regression test for a bug of your choice. |
| JNR-054-EX07 | 4 | Rewrite a poor help request ("it doesn't work, please help") into a good one. |
أظهر الحلول
- EX01 List the user, data (for example an order without coupon), sequence of calls, and environment; confirm it fails every time.
- EX02 The test builds the data from the report, asserts the expected behavior, and fails for the same reason as the report.
- EX03 The last "Caused by" is the root cause; the first frame with your package (for example
com.shop...) shows where. - EX04 Filter logs by the request id; read the lines in time order up to the first
ERROR. - EX05 For example a missing environment variable in production explains a startup failure; a null column in production data explains a data-dependent failure.
- EX06 Use the template: Symptom, Steps, Root cause, Fix, Regression test, Prevention.
- EX07 "Order API returns 500 for orders without a coupon on staging; works locally. Error and logs attached. I checked Java and env vars. Next I will compare data."
- Common mistakes (fixing without reproducing, changing several things at once) are assessed in the live session.
الاختبار
Outcomes: O1 reproduce · O2 logs and stack traces · O3 environment differences · O4 bug report and regression test.
اختبار ذاتي لك: لا توجد درجات، ولا يُحفظ أو يُرسل أي شيء. اختر إجابة ثم تحقق منها، ويمكنك المحاولة مرة أخرى كما تشاء.
الجزء العملي
Seven exercises JNR-054-EX01 to EX07 plus the lab; assessed in a live troubleshooting session. Pass: quiz 8/10, at least five exercises correct, and root cause, fix, and regression test for each of the three lab faults.
أخطاء شائعة
Fixing without reproducing; changing several things at once.
التقييم
Live troubleshooting session.
الصلة بالمسار الوظيفي
Incident handling (MID-050) and advanced troubleshooting (SRC-015).