الفشل الجزئي

في هذا الدرس

explain why a timeout is not a failure.

الموضوعات المخطط لها

• In one process, a call succeeds or fails. Across a network, parts fail while others work.
• A timeout means "no answer in time". The request may have been lost, executed, or the reply lost.
• Retrying a payment after a timeout risks charging twice.
• The sender cannot tell which case happened without asking again or checking state.
• Defences: idempotency keys, status queries, and reconciliation (MID-029).