مقايضات التطبيع

في هذا الدرس

know why normalization is the default and what it costs.

الموضوعات المخطط لها

• Normalized data stores each fact once: no update anomalies, smaller writes, clear constraints.
• The cost is joins on reads; with good indexes this is usually fine.
• Denormalize only for a measured read problem, not by habit.
• Start from the access patterns: which queries are frequent and slow?
• Keep the normalized tables as the source of truth.